Roman Civil War And Caesar Essays - Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Roman Civil War And Caesar If anyone had hoped that the assassination of Julius Caesar would bring about the return of Republican rule, they must surely have been disappointed, for the political turbulence simply continued. Caesar's assassins and his old commanders battled for control, while orators like Cicero labored to save the old Republic. In the and, Julius Caesar's great nephew and adopted son Octavian known to history as Augustus Caesar outmaneuvered and outfought everyone. The year after his uncle's death, Octavian and his allies of the Caesarian faction joined forces in an alliance called the second Triumvirate. By means of intriguer and threat, they coerced the senate into granting them and their legions the power to rectory peace to the Roman state. In the battle of Philippi, in northern Greece in 42b.c., Octavian and his allies defeated the conspirators who had assassinated Julius Caesar. However, peace was not at hand. Octavian split with his former allies, especially with Mark Antony, who was now Cleopatra's lover. In a climactic naval battle at Actium in 31b.c., Octavian defeated Mark Antony. Antony's death and Octavian's victory effectively ended the Roman Civil war. In the thirty seventh poems in his first book of Odes, the poet Horace wrote in response: Nuncest bibendum nuncpede libero pulsanda tellus! Octavian took power, and Horace hailed him as "Caesar," which, for the first time, becomes a horrific title. Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus held both military command and tribunician power he was both chief priest. He was also politically astute enough to adorn reality with palatable outward forms, replacing democracy with autocracy in a way that did not antagonize the public. He called on the services of culture, religion, literature, architecture, and the visual arts to help create a new picture of the world, with the result that there was a politically inspired aesthetic revolution, which led to the legalization of absolute power. In 27b.c., Octavian formally divested himself of all authority. In response, the Senate and the people promptly gave it back to him, voting him the title Augustus. Although he was never officially emperor of Rome at all, within four years he had assumed complete power including the right of veto over any law. The Republic was formally dead. During the forty-five years that Augustus ruled, the Senate and popular assemblies continued to meet. However, the election of consuls, proconsuls, tribunes, and other officials required his blessing, the Senate was filled with Augustus' finds, and the popular assemblies seem to have lost all political function. As commander of the armies, he rule all the vast territories of an empire that reached to the Rivers Rhine and Danube in what is now Germany. He commanded in the name of his uncle, Julius Caesar, and on the basis of his own military victories, claiming that he brought peace and order after a century of civil wars. He rebuilt temples to the Olympian gods, the "divine" Julius Caesar, and to "Rome and Augustus." He built roads, bridges, and aqueducts, established a sound currency, nurtured honest government, and maintained peace, which lasted nearly two hundred years.

20 Jokes That Only Book Lovers Will Get

20 Jokes That Only Book Lovers Will Get Everyone loves a good joke, especially if theres a hint of insider knowledge involved. Thats why weve compiled 20 of the best jokes weve found that only book lovers will get. Feel free to share these with fellow literati, because as E.E. Cummings once said, The most wasted of all days is one without laughter.via GIPHYHow does Voltaire like his apples?Candied.Why did the comma break up with the apostrophe?Because it was too possessive.Jay Gatsbys car was a real hit with the ladies.What makes Civil Disobedience such a great essay?Thoreau editing.What would you find in Charles Dickenss pantry?The best of thyme, the worst of thyme.Why did the reader give up on Pride and Prejudice?The characters were too Austentatious.How can you get an A on everything?Commit adultery in a 17th-century Puritan town.Why do writers often feel cold?Because theyre surrounded by drafts.What is Holden Caulfields favorite childrens show?My Little Phony.What do you say to comfort the grammar police?There, their, theyre.Why is John Milton terrible to invite to game night?Because when hes around, theres a pair of dice lost.Why are you unable to make reservations at the library?Because theyre completely booked.What did the librarian tell Shakespeare when he tried to put the newest New York Times Bestseller on hold?No holds, bard.What do you call 2000 mockingbirds?Two kilo mockingbird.How did the high school music teacher create controversy?He had his students read band books.What do you get when you mix alcohol and literature?Tequila Mockingbird.Why was Shakespeare cold after his camping trip?Now is the winter of our discount tent.How did John Green break his ankle?The fault in our stairs.Why is a books plot so important?It builds character.What do pregnant women and apostrophes have in common?Theyre prone to contractions.via GIPHY

Afrocentric School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Afrocentric School - Essay Example To be precise, the theories that are discussed have a main focus on how the history present in individuals is able to take shape and various practices that are interpreted on cultural activities. These tend to develop when individuals in the community, in behavior of life, form personal identities in relation to the person’s important roles and positions. A person’s historical formation on the various environmental activities makes environmental identity become a construct of the person which is developed and used in organizing the person emotionally and the actions to take. Personal identities in this community are conceptualized based on the complexities of memory, sentiments, a person’s knowledge and ideas of the environment which the person can evoke by the use of cultural identity symbols for the purpose of organizing one’s self to take an environmental action. Once the person’s identity is entrenched in the history that is inside the person, i t will provide a ground for guiding the individual’s behavior towards cultural activities and the person will avoid behaviors that are not harmonious with the community’s assigned identity.... The feeling of unity that occurs in the mind of individuals encourages the members of this community understand themselves as not being agents, but as an intentional stream of individuals involved in the gathering of information concerning the acts of ancient Africans. The Afrocentric community can be regarded as a chain of discourse, communication and a variety of symbols, for the purpose of intellectual motives. This community encourages the use of theories with the intention of shifting self-understanding by encouraging its members to consider agents as carriers of routine, over subjective complexes of migratory movements, forms of interpretation, knowledge and use of the things. Through their membership in this community, individuals are able to stipulate shifts taken by a self-understanding individual and get an ethical meaning of the agency among other factors. It is a fact that this community works towards encouraging the consideration of ethical problems as questions used in creating the various theories and researches that make up the bulk of Afrocentric thought. The ethical problems are considered to be extremely important and are expressed by certain bodies, understandings or things that are complex. Ethics, therefore, are related to the thoughts, the environment and individuals’ motivation and feelings. This move is distinctive in relation to functional ethics of the members of this community and has worked against the general skepticism that individuals have towards ethics that is facilitated by objectivism. It can be said that this community is capable of developing philosophical perseverance without giving up its attachment to

Professional Nursing Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Professional Nursing Concepts - Essay Example The profession also entails the advocacy in the care of persons, families, and communities at large, in terms of healthcare services. Â  The nursing profession is one among the most important components of the medical world. This is because; it enables the training of highly qualified personnel who assist individuals to perform activities, which collectively help to improve the healthcare operations, enhance faster recovery of the patients, and facilitate peaceful death when one has to die. Furthermore, the nursing profession plays a pivotal role in nurturing healthcare practitioners who strive to ensure the best quality of lives possible among patients who suffer from diverse ailments or disabilities. The professionals in nursing have a wide range of medical knowledge with which they use to achieve their objectives, which are essential, to prevent illnesses and injuries as well as advocating in healthcare for the entire society. Â  The nursing practitioners, who are qualified and registered healthcare providers, perform medical operations to patients at all stages of human life, right from the new-borns to the elderly. The professionals in this medical field to perform a number of important functions including conducting a well-detailed and focused physical examination to patients; diagnosing and treating common and acute illnesses as well as injuries and providing the appropriate immunizations to the populations. In addition, the Nursing Practitioners have the responsibility to manage various human healthcare complications among them high blood pressure, diabetes, depression, and many other health problems that are chronic. (Basford and Slevin 67) Â  

Why are there many translations of the bible is an advantage and Essay

Why are there many translations of the bible is an advantage and disadvantage - Essay Example glish has been the dominant language for centuries and the translating group (publishers and Bible scholars among others) use different methods to produce various versions that enhance peoples’ comprehension of the teachings. Critics point on the faithfulness of the Bible translations arguing that it contains distorted meanings and words of God. There is the dynamic equivalence method which lays emphasis on the original meaning, formal equivalence on word by word (Wallace 23). However, rather than focusing on the grammatical content in translations, the problem arises in trying to ensure the symbolic language used in the original material of translation makes sense upon paraphrasing and conversions. The benchmark is to ensure that though languages may change, the word of God still remains unchanged. The Greek New Testament has been criticized for its textual underpinnings that demonstrated a departure from the received Greek text. When Westcott Foss and Fenton John Anthony published the Greek New Testament, they considered the available ancient manuscripts that have been discovered to have missed certain passages (â€Å"Why so,† Bible.org). Many Biblical translators have failed to credit the works of these men, despite the fact that they laid a pillar in Biblical translation works. Their work has been claimed to be glorious, but surrounded by controversy on their contradiction from the original sources. Westcott and Anthony used two sources of the manuscripts that came from codex sinaiticus and vaticanus, believed to be false copies of the New Testament. Critiques hold that they entail the fifty falsified manuscripts deliberately corrupted by Eusebius to fulfil the order of neo-pagan emperor Constantine; the two manuscripts not only contradict each other numerously, but 99 per cent disagree with other Koine Greek manuscripts (â€Å"A concordance,† archive.org). Studying the version, there is rising doubt from the contradictions and posing inaccuracies that exist,

Bilingual Acquisition in Early Childhood

Bilingual Acquisition in Early Childhood Are bilingual children two monolingual children in one? Discuss. Research into bilingual acquisition in early childhood has investigated whether infants and toddlers brought up in bilingual settings can be said to have a single language system during the initial stages of language acquisition or whether these early bilinguals develop two separate language systems from the start. If the latter can be shown to be the case, it could be argued that bilingual children are indeed two monolingual children in one. However, there has been considerable debate over the merits of both claims for some period of time. This essay will consider the arguments and some of the evidence put forward in support of both points of view. Researchers differentiate between two languages acquired from birth (simultaneous bilingual acquisition) and the acquisition of a second language during early childhood. Research, intending to address the question of developing bilingual language systems in the infant, focuses on simultaneous bilingual acquisition. Although as Lanza points out it isn’t always easy to decide on â€Å"the cut-off point between first language acquisition and early second-language acquisition.† [1] The language environment, with both parents speaking both languages or the adoption of a one language one parent approach, is also a consideration. It is often pointed out that bilingual children acquire their languages in much the same way as monolingual children acquire theirs. Pearson and colleagues testing the acquisition of vocabulary found that â€Å"differences in average vocabulary size (between the bilingual and monolingual children in their study) across the age range tested were relat ively small.†[2] Studies of childhood bilingual development have shown that in almost all cases, children mix elements from the two languages they are acquiring. This has lead to claims that in the early stages of acquisition bilingual children have a single language system. Code mixing may involve any aspect of the child’s language system i.e., phonetic, lexical, phrasal, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic. Code mixing is not limited to children. Many researchers have investigated the phenomenon of code mixing or switching in adult bilinguals. However, there are important differences between the two. Adult code switching is rule governed. â€Å"What is thought to distinguish bilingual children’s mixing from adult mixing is the lack of systematicity or compliance to linguistic rules in the case of children.† [3] The fact that mixing declines with age has been cited as evidence that the child originally had one system that gradually separates into two. The period of mixing is followed by language differentiation sometime during the bilingual child’s third year. Volterra and Taeschner’s seminal paper interpreting code mixing in terms of a three-stage model of a single language system has had numerous supporters and critics. [4] A growing number of researchers have published papers in the past couple of decades supporting a two-language system. In 1985 Vihman looked at a bilingual Estonian/ English child. Having pointed out that there was insufficient data concerning the child’s comprehension skills in both languages to confirm whether or not he had a single system: â€Å"It seems likely that two receptive stores did exist in a rudimentary form even at this earliest stage, however, since comprehension appeared to develop rapidly in both English and Estonian contexts well before the development of a wide-ranging productive vocabulary.† [5] Considerable research has shown that monolingual children develop comprehension before production skills. The author agreed with Lindholm and Padilla[6] that â€Å"bilingual children are able, from an early age, to differentiate their two systems†. [7] Genesee also found evidence of â€Å"differentiated underlying language systems† in his study of early bilinguals. He argued that â€Å"bilingual children are able to differentiate their language systems from the beginning and that they are able to use their developing language systems differentially in contextually sensitive ways.† [8] Paradis and Genesee concluded the bilingual children in their study developed entirely distinct pronoun system for the two languages. [9]Their research therefore supports the separate language hypothesis. Likewise, Quay’s study of an English/ Spanish bilingual child â€Å"provides no evidence for the two-stage model of lexical development proposed by Volterra and Taeschner.† [10] Empirical and Interpretative Difficulties Methodology Most researchers criticise the methodology used by previous researchers in the field. Diary studies of a single child are common making any generalisation difficult. Other factors making comparison and therefore generalisation difficult include: the differing exposure to the languages experienced by each child, their different language backgrounds and history, the different methods of language sampling undertaken by the various researchers, and the fact that to date there is no standardised measurements to compare children at various stages of bilingual development. Furthermore, diary studies may be insufficient to accurately reflect the linguistic competence of the child studied, regardless of whether or not the findings can be shown to be valid for other bilinguals. â€Å"Diary data may not capture all translation equivalents.† [11] Quay also points out that studies making use of audio and video recordings tend not to make them frequently enough: â€Å"Infrequent recordings for a short duration each time do not allow for conclusive evidence with regard to bilingual children’s ability to produce translation equivalents.†[12] Radford reviewing Paradis and Genesee (1996) remarks on a methodological shortcoming noted in many other studies, the use of a small corpus of data: â€Å"This might lead us to the conclusion that PG simply didn’t have enough data from enough children to support the sweeping theoretical claims that they make.†[13] Pearson and colleagues also criticize the emphasis on case studies â€Å"a form in which systematic comparisons with other children are not generally attempted.† [14] Their own research compared the language development of 25 English/ Spanish bilinguals with 35 monolinguals: â€Å"Without detailed information from a wide range of children, it is difficult to gain a broad perspective on what is typical and what is exceptional in early bilingual development.†[15] Radford states, â€Å"much of the evidence VT (Volterra and Taeschner) bring to bear in support of their claim that children start out with a common syntax for their two languages is based to a large extent on code-mixing.†[16] He suggests the fact that bilingual children are known to code mix cannot be seen as evidence for a single language system because adult also code switch and they are â€Å"generally assumed to have separate grammars for each language.† However, as has been stated earlier, children do not code mix in the way adults do. More problematic for supporters of the single language system is the finding by Genesee and colleagues that code mixing in early bilinguals is not as common as Volterra and Taeschner claim.[17] These researchers discovered that code mixing takes place in only 1%-7% of bilingual children’s utterances. Like Radford, Genesee claims that there are serious methodological and interpretative shortcomings with much research into simultaneous bilingualism. In order for the single system hypothesis to be valid, bilingual children would need to â€Å"use items from both languages indiscriminately in all contexts of communication.†[18] However, as Genesee makes clear, most research in the field has failed to analyse the data by context. Volterra and Taeschner for example, present isolated examples of the child addressing one parent only.[19] Vihman did look at her bilingual child’s utterances in context but she focused on one language only.[20] If the appearance, then decline, of code mixing in early bilingual development is not necessarily evidence of a single language system, what other factors may be responsible for the phenomenon? Vihman (1985) argues that the decline in mixing has more to do with the bilingual child gaining in sociolinguistic competence than evidence of the separation of language systems.[21] Lanza also suggests a more sociolinguistic explanation for code mixing: â€Å"Children do learn to differentiate their language: however, this differentiation process occurs in language socialisation through which they learn to differentiate ways of speaking according to the social demands of the situation.† [22] Other researchers point out that with the acquisition of more lexical items as the child’s language skills develop, there is less need to borrow between languages (the lexical gap hypothesis).[23] [24] Peterson claims bilingual children switch to their dominant language because they haven’t the lexicon or syntactic structure in the weaker one.[25] Bernardini agrees â€Å" in some young bilingual children†¦with uneven development, having one language that is clearly weaker than the other, sentence-internal code-mixing is a result of uneven lexical development in the two languages.† [26] Pearson and colleagues test the Volterra Taeschner (1978) claim â€Å"if children already have a lexical representation for a concept in either language, they will not be motivated to learn or use the word’s translation in the other.†[27] This follows Clark’s principle of contrast, which predicts an absence of synonymy in early lexical development in both monolingual and bilingual children.[28] Pearson and colleagues found no evidence to support Volterra Taeschner in their study of 27 early bilinguals. Quay also found â€Å"no foundation for the principle of contrast in (the) bilingual case (studied).† Quay points out â€Å"most studies do not take into account whether young bilinguals have the lexical resources to make a choice between their two languages.† [29] According to Grosjean one language may be dominant because the child is exposed to that language more frequently and needs it to communicate with more people.[30] Serratrice defined â€Å"language dominance in terms of the amount of input the child receives†. [31]It has been pointed out by a number of researchers that mixing may be linked to the child’s speech environment. [32] The bilingual child might code mix because he hears his parents or other adults doing so. It has been argued the â€Å"best way to avoid bilingual mixing in children is to have each parent speak only one language to the child.† [33] Quay suggests, â€Å"linguistic input from adult interlocutors must be taken into account in discussions of children’s language choices.†[34] Conclusions It is clear that many factors are involved in simultaneous bilingual acquisition. The debate over whether these young children develop one or two language systems initially has yet to be satisfactorily resolved. As many researchers point out parental input may well prove to be of particular importance. Whether the child has one system or two and thus resembles a single monolingual child or two monolingual children, it is clear that their â€Å"ability to understand two languages may be comparable in each language to monolingual children’s.†[35] Bernardini, P and Schlyter, S (2004) Growing syntactic structure and code-mixing in the weaker language: The Ivy hypothesis. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7, 49-70 Clark, E (1987) The principle of contrast: a constraint on language acquisition. In B. MacWhinney (ed.) Mechanisms of Language Acquisition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Genesee, F (1989) Early bilingual development: one language or two? Journal of Child Language 16, 161-179 Genesee, F. Nicoladis, E Paradis, J (1995) Language differentiation in early bilingual development. Journal of Child language 22, 611-630 Grosjean, F (1982) Life with two languages: an introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge MA: Harvard Uni press Lanza, E. (1992) Can bilingual two-year-olds code-switch? Journal of Child language 19, 633-657 Lindholm, K and Padilla, A (1978) Child bilingualism: report on language mixing, switching and translations. Linguistics 211, 23-44 Paradis, J. and Genesee, F. (1996). ‘Syntactic acquisition in bilingual children: autonomous orinterdependent?’ Studies in Second Language Acquisition 18: 1-25. Pearson, B, Fernandez, S and Oller, D 1993. Lexical development in bilingual infants and toddlers: comparison to Monolingual norms. Language Learning 43:1, 93-120 Pearson, B, Fernandez, S and Oller, D 1995. Cross-language synonyms in the lexicons of bilingual infants: One language or two? Journal of Child Language 22, 345-368 Pearson, B. Fernandez, S. Lewedeg, V Oller, K (1997). The relation of input factors to lexical learning by bilingual infants. Applied Psycholinguistics 18, 41-58 Peterson, J (1988) Word-internal code-switching constraints in a bilingual child’s grammar. Linguistics, 26, 479-493 Quay, S (1995) The bilingual lexicon: implications for studies of language choice. Journal of Child Language 22, 369-387 Radford, A (2005) Children’s English: Principles-and-Parameters Perspectives. University of Essex. Serratrice, L. Referential cohesion in the narratives of bilingual English-Italian children and monolingual peers. Journal of Pragmatics 39 (2007) 1058–1087 1083 Vihman, M. (1985) Language differentiation by the bilingual infant. Journal of Child Language 12, 297-324 Volterra, T and Taeschner, T (1978) The acquisition and development of language by bilingual children. Journal of Child Language 5, 311-326 1 Footnotes [1] Lanza (1992:634) [2] Pearson et al (1993:112) [3] Genesee (1989) [4] Volterra and Taeschner (1978) [5] Vihman (1985:316) [6] Lindholm and Padilla (1978) [7] Vihman (1985:317) [8] Genesee (1989:174) [9] Paradis and Genesee (1996). [10] Quay (1995:385) [11] Quay (1995:382) [12] Quay (1995:383) [13] Radford (2005) [14] Pearson et al (1993:95) [15] Pearson et al (1995:348) [16] Radford (2005) [17] Genesee et al (1995) [18] Genesee (1989:165) [19] Volterra and Taeschner (1978) [20] Vihman (1985) [21] Vihman (1985) [22] Lanza (1992:654) [23] Volterra and Taeschner (1978) [24] Lindholm and Padilla (1978) [25] Peterson (1988) [26] Bernardini and Schlyter (2004:49) [27] Pearson et al (1995:346) [28] Clark (1987) [29] Quay (1995:369) [30] Grosjean (1982) [31] Serratrice (2007) [32] Genesee (1989) [33] Genesee (1989:170) [34] Quay (1995:383) [35] Pearson et al (1993:113)

Computers with Relation to Student Learning :: essays papers

Computers with Relation to Student Learning The question of whether computers can improve student learning or not, depends on the instructor and how the technology is used. There are many conditions under which technology innovations can take place in classrooms, which causes problems for schools that do not have the money to buy new computers and are not presented with this new technology. Some of the contextual factors could include using email as a way of communication between the teacher and the student, as well as the parents. This new technique of communication has proved to be very useful for students that may be having trouble in the classroom and need some extra help outside of the classroom. â€Å"Email is also used outside the classroom in the work field and if the students get accustomed to using this new technology they will be at an advantage in the future,† (Chang, C., 2001). Teachers are also able to create web-sites pertaining to their subject that the students have access to, to get information t hat they may be having difficulty with in the class. This type of online communication is also helpful with regards to the parents of the students because the parents are able to look up the subject that their child is currently in and can know exactly what their son or daughter is learning at the time. Availability of the Necessary Resources â€Å"The access and use of computers are hindered by the interactions between technology and school realities,† (Chang, C., 2001). Not all schools and homes have this email available to them and if they do there are many things required to even be able to access this form of communication. First your computer will need access to a fundamental network and you must own a network computer. Buying the email software is the next step and setting the program up can be a problem if you are not familiar with the software. Email is only functional when everything is operating at once. Even the slightest problem with your computer, possibly not related to the email software at all, could be a potential threat to disabling your entire program. A problem many people also have would be the knowledge of teaching students how to use the computer software and incorporate it within each individual class.

Disney Company

External EnvironmentThe Disney Company is renowned throughout the world as a leading media and entertainment company in the world. The external environment for this company is vast and has several effects on the company’s operations and performance and progress. The environment includes competitors such as News Corporation and AOL Time Warner Inc, resources, technology, and the economic circumstances that influence the organization.With media and entertainment companies experiencing a boom with a wider consumer and viewer base it is not easy to compete in the industry. Disney analyzes its general as well as its task environment thoroughly to fish for opportunities and threats. In the following text, we will identify two direct and two indirect forces have the potential to affect the company progress.Direct ForcesDirect forces or forces from the task environment include all those forces that are closer to the organization. They conduct day-to-day transactions with the company a nd have a major influence on the company’s performance and basic operations. The forces which come under this category include customers, competitors, suppliers and the labor market. We would be analyzing customers and competitors.CustomersThe Disney customers are highly important for Disney. The bargaining power of customers is also high. The customers decide what price they are willing to pay for a movie, what price they are willing to pay at the entrance of Disney’s theme parks and lastly but most importantly the unique customer experience they desire. Therefore customers, as recipients of Disney’s services, determine the company’s success and future growth.If Disney slacks any one of these three crucial touch points it would lose its market share to other rivals. Mottos for Disney, thus, revolve around the customers like one which reads â€Å"Be so nice to the guests so that they can’t believe it†. Disney looks for chances to create magi cal moments for its customers and always making them smile. Customers are what make up Disney and if it wasn’t for these customers Disney wouldn’t have been where it is now.CompetitorsDisney faces a range of competitors both at a local and international level. Since the Disney Company has been able to tap a very distinctive niche in the industry and has a stronghold, the barriers to entry do exist for the animated entertainment industry. Despite these barriers competition also exists. Disney has been able to establish a mark in the movie business and the Network-television department where several powerful rivals do exist making it extremely risky.Moreover, new cartoon figures appear every day in television shows and in movie theaters overseas. The recent merger of AOL and Time Warner poses a great threat to Disney. Moreover, Viacom and Fox Entertainment are other big competitors. In order to safeguard its position as the leading media conglomerate, Disney must continu ously invest in technological and operational improvements.Indirect ForcesIndirect forces or forces from the general environment are forces that affect the organization indirectly. It embodies the outer layer of the organizational environment. These forces aren’t involved with the organizations day-to-day activities but do affect the organization’s progress and performance overtime. These indirect forces include several dimensions like technological, international, socio-cultural, economic and legal-political but we will focus on technological and international dimensions.  Technological DimensionThe Disney Company provides entertainment through animation and animation and technology have a very strong link. Superior animation is supported through superior technology therefore it is imperative for Disney to be up-to-date with technology. With scientific and technological advancements occurring at an astounding pace it is often hard for companies to keep up but it is crucial for them to do so. Newer competitors are using the latest world technology and providing customers with better experiences, Disney should do the same in order to maintain its position.International DimensionEvents occurring in other foreign countries also have a strong potential to affect Disney’s progress. Since Disney operates theme parks in France, Japan, Hong Kong and USA and furthermore operates its own cruise line as well, events and relations with other countries are of great importance. This international environment also provides new competitors, customers and suppliers and also forms social, technological and economic trends which Disney has to adapt to.ConclusionDisney is the world’s leading entertainment company but does face many challenges and threats within its environment in terms of direct and indirect forces which have the potential to affect its operations, performance and future growth. It is imperative for Disney to analyze these forces car efully and flex its operations and strategies in accordance to them. References Book Jones, G. R. (2007). Contemporary Management. 5th Edition, illustrated, revised. Mc Graw-Hill Companies Wood, J. C (2002). Henri Fayol: Critical evaluations in business and management. Illustrated edition. Taylor & Francis Online Journal/Article Fine, J (2008). Disney Emerges a Winner. Business Week, Retrieved June 10, 2009.

Personal Development: The skills needed to run the business successfully Essay

P3: Describe the skills needed to run the business successfully and what areas require further personal development In this task I would be describing some of the skill to run a business successfully and what areas require further personal development as this all important to have to be a good sole trader. Own Contribution This is one of the many important things to have to run a business well .This is because I am the manager of the business as the leader of the pack I would have to put extra time into the work , stay behind after work to complete extra work , give me staff extra training if they need it . These little things can help the business move forward faster and also it helps me as I know what I am doing is right for the business if I want the business to succeed. Technical/Operational Technical can be very useful as it save time and money. I am very skilful a using the computer I can fix problems very easily on the computer, I am also very good using the basic things like Microsoft word, PowerPoint and publisher this program is very useful as it lets me create leaflets which saves me money as I don’t have to ask another business to create leaflets for me as I know how it is done. I also know how to create a data base which is very helpful as it stores all the information. Product Knowledge Product knowledge is information that I know about my products, for example I have the product knowledge of salsa and knowledge of the product is how it’s made, ingredients and factors such as these. That is what product knowledge. This is important to me because I am the owner of the business I will need to know how to make them and how long to keep them heated or cold, furthermore another importance of knowing this skill is that if any customer’s asks about the product I should be able to tell them because they might be allergic to something m so if I know the product I could tell them information about the product. Management ability Management ability is a skill that a business owner should have in order to run a business also management ability requires controlling and organising  the business well, without management ability the business won’t go the right direction. This skill is important because without having any management skills, it will be hard to manage the business and organise it well also without this skill it will be hard to manage the other employees, and make sure all the bills and everything has been paid in order to have all these things done correctly you need have the management ability. Recording and checking business performance Recording and checking business performance is when the business checks on all the financials records and makes some records from other department too; furthermore this is when a person checks on the business making sure everything is going smooth without any errors. This skill is important because without checking your business performance you won’t know in which areas to improve on. If you don’t check your business performance you wouldn’t know what things are going wrong and right in the business and this will mean that you won’t know what to improve or change it the business. Personal selling Personal selling is having direct contact with my customers and also involves direct contact with the customers and assessing their needs and suggesting suitable product or service solutions, which would help the customer out. This skill is necessary for my business because I am a sole trader so having experience in this would help a lot because I will have to be selling desserts to my customers and making sure that they are satisfied with the product and service they are receiving. I don’t have personal experience in this skill and I will need to learn. Administration Administration is what provides support for businesses operations. This involves keeping records and communicating with external groups such as customers and suppliers by sending letters and invoices and arranging payment. This skill is necessary for my business because I will need it to keep the business organised and to make sure that things don’t go wrong. do not have personal experience in administration and need to gain some experience. Previous Experience I do have previous experience working for a restaurant however I was able to get some experience in how to talk to customers properly and in a polite way to make sure they are satisfied with the service/product that they are receiving. Strengths and weaknesses I have a couple of strengths and these are: I can take risks and good at IT. Taking risks will help me in my business because it is always good to take risks because without taking them you might never know, it could end up good for my business. An example is that I could invest more in better packaging for my customers that like having take-away because this will show them that my business is caring for the customers. However if I did not take that risk of investing a bit more in it, I would have never found out if it would work or not. My strength in IT will help me a lot because I will need this skill for creating cash flow forecasts and even a break even forecast. This will save me money because I would have to hire someone else to do it for me as I have the skills to do it. My weaknesses are that I don’t have any skills in administration yet.

Funny Friendship Day List of Quotes

Funny Friendship Day List of Quotes What is friendship without good-natured humor? You may have seen friends, who poke fun at each other, crossing all limits of decency. Does abrasive humor offend friends? Is there a shifting line of modesty between friends? How do you know when to pull the brakes when it comes to ribald humor? To an outsider, a crude joke between friends may seem offensive. You may wonder how friends can allow such indiscretion. What about self-esteem and dignity, you ask. However, you need to look deep into the core of friendship. When friendship is based on mutual trust, respect, and honesty, decorum and decency are merely superficial covers. True friends understand this at a subconscious level and dont feel threatened or insulted by their friends humor. The bond of friendship has enough resilience to absorb such shocks- some would argue that it grows stronger from it. Childhood Friends May Be the Closest Interestingly, it has been observed that childhood friendships are often more resilient than friendships formed later on in life. Children bare secrets to their closest friends, making pacts of secrecy to be honored till death. Also, children share an honest and open relationship with friends. Even years after friends grow into adults, childhood friends feel secure in each others company. So dont be surprised if you feel more at ease with your childhood friend, than you feel with your office colleagues. Sharing funny quips with friends who have a similar sense of humor doubles the potency of a joke. The sight of your friend rolling with laughter, after you shared a funny joke, makes you feel immensely satisfied. And if your friend is blessed with ready wit, he or she can add to the humor. Start Friendship Day With Humor Equip yourself with funny quotes, jokes, and anecdotes. Send out funny Friendship Day wishes and messages and spread the laughter. Give your friends a reason to smile with funny Friendship Day quotes. In the evening, catch up with a bunch of friends, and guffaw over a beer and barbecue. Hand out personalized Friendship Day gifts with Friendship Day quotes handwritten on them. Friendship Day Quotes Ralph Waldo Emerson A friend may well be reckoned the masterpiece of nature. Lord Samuel A friend in need is a friend to be avoided. Groucho Marx Outside of a dog, a book is mans best friend. Inside of a dog, its too dark to read. Erma Bombeck, Family: The Ties that Bind...And Gag! Friends are annuals that need seasonal nurturing to bear blossoms. Family is a perennial that comes up year after year, enduring the droughts of absence and neglect. Theres a place in the garden for both of them. Oscar Wilde A true friend stabs you in the front. Jim Hayes An old friend will help you move. A good friend will help you move a dead body. Ralph Waldo Emerson It is one of the blessings of old friends that you can afford to be stupid with them. Christian Slater I just killed my best friend... and my worst enemy. Whats the difference? Malcolm Bradbury Ive noticed your hostility towards him... I ought to have guessed you were friends. Bronwyn Polson Whoever says Friendship is easy has obviously never had a true friend! Groucho Marx When youre in jail, a good friend will be trying to bail you out. A best friend will be in the cell next to you saying, Damn, that was fun. Groucho Marx No one is completely unhappy at the failure of his best friend. Jerry Seinfeld, in The Bizarro Jerry Why would anybody want a friend? Jerry Seinfeld It reminds me of like this pathetic friend that everybody had when they were a little kid who would let you borrow any of his stuff if you would just be his friend. Thats what the library is. A government-funded pathetic friend. Erma Bombeck A friend never defends a husband who gets his wife an electric skillet for her birthday. Anne Lindbergh Men kick friendship around like a football and it doesnt seem to crack. Women treat it like glass and it falls to pieces. George Carlin One good reason to only maintain a small circle of friends is that three out of four murders are committed by people who know the victim. Bing Crosby There is nothing in the world I wouldnt do for (Bob) Hope, and there is nothing he wouldnt do for me ... We spend our lives doing nothing for each other.

Impact of Aids on Children and Families in Africa Essay

Impact of Aids on Children and Families in Africa - Essay Example The World Health Organisation has estimated that every year about 5 million new people become infected with the HIV / AIDS virus. The prevention of HIV / AIDS mostly involves educating individuals including those of the gay community about dangers of sex without precautions. Testing and identification of HIV / AIDS victims, along with their appropriate care should be a part of the public health programs to arrest the spread of HIV / AIDS in African children and families within a community. There are costs associated with prevention programs for arresting the spread of HIV / AIDS in African children and families. Resources for the prevention of the spread of HIV / AIDS in African children and families virus are limited and those funds that are available are insufficient for meeting all the prevention needs in most communities. The cost of the HAART treatment includes the cost of AZT, Lamivudine and Nevirapine required for the first line treatment or the cost of Didanosine, Stavudine, Lopinavir, and Ritonavir for the second line of treatment. Pediatric costs associated with the treatment of HAART are presently h ighly variable (Geffen, 2003, Pp. 12 - 20). This paper shall study the impact of Aids on children and families in Africa. ... Pediatric costs associated with the treatment of HAART are presently highly variable (Geffen, 2003, Pp. 12 - 20). Aims and Objectives of Research This paper shall study the impact of Aids on children and families in Africa. This paper shall study the depth of the problem and the various ways and means, which can be adopted in order to mitigate the devastating impact of this un-curable disease. It shall also aim at analysing information from these areas in order to make the paper more relevant to the ground realities and shall discuss the various tools and techniques, which can be adopted in order to psychologically strengthen the disheartened and deplorable conditions of the patients and their families. Research Problems This paper shall try to answer the following research problems: 1) Analyse the impact of Aid on Children 2) Analyse the impact of Aid on Families 3) Analyse the reasons behind the rampant spread of this disease 4) Suggest changes in environment and culture needed to bring about an improvement in the current situation 5) Provide recommendations on the studied literature and research Chapter 2: Literature Review Studies by international organisations including the World Bank have determined that successful HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment programs on the national level, which are being funded by international efforts, require government commitment at the highest level with a partnership between the public and the private sector. Attempts towards prevention should be started early and there should be cooperation and collaboration between the community and religious leadership. There is a requirement for a forward looking, comprehensive and multi-sectoral response and community participation in the formulation of government policy is

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Discussion Questions - Essay Example Therefore, the id drives the individual towards making decision that will satisfy their need. For instance when one feels that they need drugs but they have to undertake a certain duty, then drugs will come first. However if the individual does not take the drugs the feeling will still remain there until they take the drug. The ego is the executive of personality as it mediates between the urgent urges of the id and the demands from the superego as stated by Rasmussen (32). For instance when one desires to use drugs the ego will intervene to make the individual know whether it is the right time to take the drugs. Therefore, the ego functions according to the reality principle hence it delays the immediate satisfaction until the appropriate time. Therefore, in the event of the urge to take drugs the ego will suppress that feeling until the right time. The superego embodies the ideals and principles of society as they are conveyed by what parents do and say. Within the superego, the conscience arises hence its role is to block the unacceptable urges by the society as stated by Sullivan (24). For instance when one feels like abusing drugs, the superego reminds the individual that the habit is not allowed and thus suppresses the feeling. This model aims at imparting information about drugs taking the assumption that children and adolescent will keep away from drugs after understanding their prospective risks. It also makes the assumption that the information will lead to students to developing negative attitude that will prevent them from abusing drugs. In brief the model speculates a casual series leading from knowledge (n drugs) to attitude change (negative) then to behavior change (non use) according to Abadinsky (226). The model seeks to shape personality. It centers on the person rather than the drugs and it assumes that young people with high self esteem can not abuse drugs. It also